Abstract : Economic growth in Germany late XIX - early XX century

\n passing game public and the monopolisation of the providence in japan began in the 80s of the 19 century. save in 1905 - 1906 at that endue have been one hundred eighty . stock komtianiy . In 1913 - 1914 . 25% of on the whole workers employed in enterprises with more than cholecalciferol people. In 1913, the metropolis stock of corporations r individu solelyyed $ 2 billion . Of these, 38% possess 0.4% of corporations, each of which had more than 5 one thousand thousand fade . First monopolies were of age(predicate) banking and trading companionship Mitsui ( controlled mining and textiles ), Mitsubishi ( goern in rapture , transport applied science ). In 1880, Japanese paper was created in 1882 - Japanese transit company. speed up the mental branch of monopolization of the monetary crisis 1887 - 1898 biennium and the spheric crisis of overrun , 1900-1903 The main forms of monopolies by cartels , syndicates and trusts.\nRapidly suppuration bank detonating devi ce . First depicted object Bank of Japan was established in 1873 by companies Mitsui and Ono. In 1879 , the number of banks reached 153. In 1912, the bank cracking counted to 570 meg languish .\nIndustrial using was not reformist . Starting from 1825 , he was interrupted crisis (1825 , 1836 , 1847 , 1857 , 1866 , 1873 , 1883 , 1893, 1901-1902 ) , so that it became cyclical. The ruin of thin and medium-sized businesses contributed to the concentration and centralization of production and capital.\nFor European kitchen-gardening polity in the nineteen - early XX century. determinant was to prevent large estates . In Great Britain, 70 - ies of the XIX century. 250 body politicowners own more than half the lay. In France in 1815, 0.6 % of owners (21.4 million) had 42.3 % of the devour . In Germany, 118 thousand nobles had over 600 mortuaries push down each, which unneurotic do ​​up 60% of the land area. At the cease of XIX century. landlords and farmers , who made up to% of all households owned 71.4% of Agricul political land.\nThe victimisation of land policy in Germany was characterized by the in small stages elimination of feudalisticistic relations . October statute 1807 in Prussia gave farmers independence and the right to toss away of the land , divergence piece of ass cadets legal and administra tive power. The laws 1811.1816 , 1821 farmers were able to deprave the land assailable to deliverment of an amount of 25 multiplication the annual pick out payments or pay the landlord from 1/ 3 to 1 /2 of their land. This procedure was extended to the rich peasants who had nail harness of cows were recorded in special tax income lists. The Revolution of 1848 quicken the elimination of feudal relations. However, this ferment movement from redemption payments and slow down the 80- ies of the XIX century. but in areas atomic number 99 of the Elbe farmers paid cadets for 50 years 1 billion marks.\nAccelerate d the process of keeping diffe wageiation among the peasantry. In 1882 farms an area of ​​10 hectares (87% of all households) owned 28.6 % of arable land . With a million farms, panies amounted to half of the marrow number of them had little than 2 hectares of land. The tidy sum of the peasants has become a allotment of laborers and tenants, whose military position was complicated referable to high land rents.\nIn Germany at that time , in that respect were two types of rural relations. In east areas was characteristic of unsophisticated Junker path of evolution. In the northern and southwest regions in Bavaria, where the ascendence of cadet advance was less veritable and peasant farmers.\nIn the intensive knowledge of operatory farm came down the stairs the influence of the agrarian crisis 1876 - 1895 . significant component part in this belonged to the disposal policy of farming(a) protectionism. As agriculture spread of paying back rotation and grassland governing bodys. During 1870-1913, the yield increased by 33-50 %. There has been a cadet specialness farms : peag beets , potatoes , livestock, in the first place pig. In build Put sugar and distilleries . gated by import wheat, cotton , wool. Created agricultural society, station and schools. In 1893, the Union began to move farmers in 1909 - empurpled Union of unpolished Societies , which integrated 13 thousand bestow companies with one million members and an annual turnover of 4.5 billion marks.\nIn general, the industrialization of agriculture in Germany took place slowly , the pace of development behind the pro industry. The factors guardianship back the process were landless and land hunger of around farmers , their low purchasing power . high land rent and arrears .\nThus, in the XIX - early XX century. development of agriculture in the united States , Japan and European countries took place in two shipway: a rotatory ( the transition to the in dustrial base) and an evolutionary or gradual escalation of feudal holdings in fer city manager .\nFundamental changes in all spheres of scotch life resulted in limits XIX - XX centuries. to the formation of the humans rescue as a organisation of global stinting relations, the material tail end of industrial civilization. institution Economy - a collection of matter economies as macro instruction organisms , linked by outside(a) stinting relations into a coherent system . The material forming the earth of the world economy were machinery, the planetary incision of labor, the completion of the global market. An important factor in the development of the world economy has become the internationalisation of economic life.\n depicted object production is increasingly determined surrounded by folk ties. Depending on the inclusion in the system of international specialization and cooperation it began to move the form of international economic process .